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Knowing the name of a crime is useful.

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Knowing the limits of your authority is essential.

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At Knight Shield Risk Management, Incorporated,

4
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officers must distinguish a policy violation,

5
00:00:12,120 --> 00:00:16,179
a civil dispute, and a suspected crime before choosing a response.

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00:00:16,500 --> 00:00:20,280
A criminal matter involves conduct prohibited by criminal law,

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investigated and prosecuted through the criminal justice system.

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00:00:24,880 --> 00:00:28,300
A civil dispute concerns rights or remedies such as payment,

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contracts, possession, or damages.

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00:00:31,220 --> 00:00:34,780
The same event can have both civil and criminal consequences.

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00:00:35,020 --> 00:00:37,980
A client’s dissatisfaction, a broken agreement,

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or unpaid rent does not automatically establish a crime.

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Suppose a tenant disputes a charge.

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Document the complaint and refer it to management through the proper process.

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00:00:49,200 --> 00:00:53,460
Do not threaten arrest to collect a debt or carry out a self-help eviction.

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If that same person assaults someone or damages property,

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address the safety concern and report the observed conduct separately.

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Security does not decide ownership disputes or replace a court.

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A store or hotel may be private property even when customers are invited

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inside.

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Authorized representatives can administer lawful access rules within the

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owner’s rights, their assignment, and applicable law.

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An invitation can be limited, but tenants,

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lawful occupants, and other people may have independent rights.

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Do not assume management can order anyone removed in every circumstance.

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Public streets and sidewalks are different A nearby client does not gain

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00:01:36,453 --> 00:01:39,993
control of public space simply by hiring security

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Public property can also contain restricted areas subject to lawful rules

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Verify actual boundaries and authority

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Do not order someone off a public sidewalk merely because the client dislikes

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their presence Explain an applicable rule calmly and provide a practical

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lawful option Document any authorized notice to leave and the response

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Calling a situation trespass does not itself authorize physical removal

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detention a search or seizure of identification Being on private property does

35
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not automatically make a person a criminal trespasser A customer may have

36
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permission to enter and a tenant or rightful occupant may have an independent

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right to be there A civil trespass concern becomes a criminal matter when the

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required elements of Georgia's criminal trespass statute are present For entry

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and remaining on property the statute identifies three routes knowingly

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entering without authority for an unlawful purpose knowingly entering without

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authority after proper prior notice that entry is forbidden or knowingly

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remaining without authority after proper notice to depart The notice must come

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from the owner rightful occupant or a properly identified authorized

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representative Refusal after a request to leave is one route not a requirement

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for every criminal trespass case For example,

46
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a person initially invited into a private business may lose that permission.

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If a properly authorized representative clearly directs the person to leave,

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and the person knowingly remains without any independent authority to stay,

49
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the remaining-after-notice provision may be implicated.

50
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Clarify the property boundary, the representative’s authority,

51
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the notice, and the response.

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This does not itself grant security detention or force powers.

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Tenant and disputed possession rights still require proper process.

54
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The same statute separately addresses intentional unauthorized property damage

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of five hundred dollars or less and specified malicious interference.

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Property damage does not require a prior warning to leave.

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Document the facts and use the proper notification process.

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00:03:55,483 --> 00:03:59,773
The following Georgia offenses and related categories are relevant to security

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00:03:59,783 --> 00:04:04,643
work. Each entry states the offense and a brief plain-language definition.

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These summaries introduce the laws; they do not explain how to apply them to a

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particular incident.

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A misdemeanor generally carries no more than twelve months of confinement; a

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felony can carry more than twelve months or death.

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Specific classifications and penalties vary.

65
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Do not infer classification merely from how serious an incident looks.

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Theft by taking.

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00:04:27,437 --> 00:04:32,807
Unlawfully taking or appropriating another person’s property with intent to

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00:04:32,817 --> 00:04:34,137
deprive the owner of it.

69
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Theft by deception.

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00:04:36,460 --> 00:04:39,920
Obtaining property through deceit with intent to deprive the owner.

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00:04:40,235 --> 00:04:44,865
Theft of services Knowingly obtaining paid services accommodations

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00:04:45,085 --> 00:04:48,785
entertainment or use of property through deception with intent to avoid

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00:04:48,795 --> 00:04:54,905
payment Theft by receiving stolen property Receiving disposing of or retaining

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stolen property while knowing or having reason to know it was stolen unless

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00:04:59,395 --> 00:05:01,365
acting to return it to its owner

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00:05:02,155 --> 00:05:07,165
Theft by shoplifting Specified conduct such as concealing merchandise changing

77
00:05:07,175 --> 00:05:11,075
price tags or switching containers with the required intent to take

78
00:05:11,085 --> 00:05:15,345
merchandise without paying or deprive its owner of possession or value

79
00:05:16,075 --> 00:05:20,495
Robbery Taking property from a person or their immediate presence with intent

80
00:05:20,505 --> 00:05:27,405
to steal through force intimidation threat coercion fear of immediate serious

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00:05:27,415 --> 00:05:33,315
injury or sudden snatching Armed robbery Taking property from a person or

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00:05:33,325 --> 00:05:37,935
their immediate presence with intent to steal by using an offensive weapon or

83
00:05:37,945 --> 00:05:39,875
an item that appears to be one

84
00:05:40,835 --> 00:05:46,225
Burglary Unauthorized entry into or remaining in a covered dwelling or

85
00:05:46,235 --> 00:05:51,025
structure with intent to commit a felony or theft inside First degree burglary

86
00:05:51,035 --> 00:05:55,945
concerns dwellings second degree covers specified other structures Home

87
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invasion Unauthorized entry into another person's occupied dwelling while

88
00:06:00,355 --> 00:06:03,565
possessing the specified deadly weapon or instrument

89
00:06:04,275 --> 00:06:08,475
with intent to commit a forcible felony for first degree or a forcible

90
00:06:08,485 --> 00:06:11,573
misdemeanor for second degree Criminal trespass.

91
00:06:12,333 --> 00:06:15,933
Includes unauthorized entry for an unlawful purpose,

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entry after proper notice forbidding it,

93
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or remaining after proper notice to leave.

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It also covers certain intentional damage of five hundred dollars or less and

95
00:06:26,173 --> 00:06:28,033
malicious interference with property.

96
00:06:28,313 --> 00:06:31,013
Criminal damage to property, second degree.

97
00:06:31,333 --> 00:06:35,843
Includes intentionally damaging another person’s property without consent when

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00:06:35,853 --> 00:06:40,363
damage exceeds five hundred dollars, or recklessly or intentionally damaging

99
00:06:40,373 --> 00:06:43,313
it by fire, explosives, or fireworks.

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00:06:43,695 --> 00:06:44,595
Simple assault.

101
00:06:45,415 --> 00:06:49,845
Attempting a violent injury, or committing an act that places another in

102
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reasonable apprehension of immediately receiving one.

103
00:06:53,366 --> 00:06:54,486
Aggravated assault.

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Includes assault with intent to murder,

105
00:06:57,726 --> 00:07:03,246
rape, or rob; assault using a deadly weapon or another qualifying instrument;

106
00:07:03,826 --> 00:07:06,606
and qualifying strangulation-related assaults.

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The statute also covers specified unjustified firearm discharges connected

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with vehicles.

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Simple battery.

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00:07:14,252 --> 00:07:18,422
Intentionally making insulting or provoking physical contact with another

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person, or intentionally causing physical harm.

112
00:07:22,106 --> 00:07:27,566
Battery. Intentionally causing substantial physical harm or visible bodily harm.

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Aggravated battery.

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00:07:29,160 --> 00:07:32,860
Maliciously causing bodily harm by depriving someone of a body member,

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rendering it useless, or seriously disfiguring the body or a body member.

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Terroristic threats and acts.

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Includes threats of violence, hazardous-substance release,

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or burning or damaging property,

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with the specified terrorizing, evacuation, or serious-public-inconvenience

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purpose, or reckless disregard of that risk.

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Disorderly conduct.

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Covers specified violent or tumultuous conduct,

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fighting words, and certain language toward children under fourteen

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threatening an immediate breach of the peace.

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Stalking. Includes following, surveillance, or contact without consent for the purpose

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of harassment and intimidation, involving the required pattern and reasonable

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fear. False imprisonment.

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Arresting, confining, or detaining a person without legal authority in

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violation of their personal liberty.

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Public drunkenness. Appearing intoxicated in a public place, or within the curtilage of another person’s private residence without

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invitation, with that condition manifested by the boisterousness,

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indecent condition or act, or specified language described in the statute.

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Intoxication alone is not the complete offense.

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Loitering or prowling.

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Being in a place at a time or in a manner unusual for law-abiding people,

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under circumstances warranting justifiable and reasonable alarm or immediate

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concern for nearby people or property.

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Mere presence or waiting is not enough.

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The statute also includes an opportunity-to-explain procedure for law

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enforcement, unless circumstances make it impracticable.

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Affray. Fighting by two or more people in a public place that disturbs public

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tranquility.

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Affray involves mutual fighting; a person acting entirely in lawful

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self-defense is not thereby a participant in an affray.

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Opprobrious or abusive language:

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disorderly conduct.

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Without provocation, using opprobrious or abusive words in another person’s

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presence that, in the statutory sense,

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tend to incite an immediate breach of the peace: fighting words.

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This is part of disorderly conduct,

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not a separate general ban on offensive speech.

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Damage to property:

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criminal trespass.

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Intentionally damaging another person’s property without consent where the

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damage is five hundred dollars or less,

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or knowingly and maliciously interfering with their possession or use without

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consent. Accidental damage is not automatically this offense.

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Criminal damage to property,

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first degree.

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Includes knowingly and without authority interfering with property in a manner

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that endangers human life; specified interference with critical infrastructure

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or vital public services; and specified unjustified firearm damage to a

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building connected with a vehicle.

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Reckless endangerment:

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Georgia reckless conduct.

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Georgia’s relevant offense is reckless conduct: causing bodily harm to,

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or endangering the bodily safety of,

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another by consciously disregarding a substantial and unjustifiable risk,

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in a gross deviation from the care a reasonable person would exercise.

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Reckless driving.

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Driving a vehicle in reckless disregard for the safety of people or property.

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Driving under the influence DUI Driving or being in actual physical control of

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a moving vehicle while impaired by alcohol drugs or other covered substances

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as specified by law or meeting a prohibited alcohol concentration provision

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The general alcohol threshold is point zero eight

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separate provisions include point zero two for drivers under twenty one and

177
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point zero four for commercial motor vehicles Impairment based DUI does not

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require reaching the general threshold Georgia repealed its former general

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00:11:28,419 --> 00:11:33,029
citizen's arrest provisions in twenty twenty one Do not rely on old training

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that says any private person can arrest someone simply because a crime

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occurred in their presence An ordinary security assignment does not make you a

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police officer Georgia Code section seventeen four eighty provides limited

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detention authority for specified people It includes certain business owners

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and their agents or employees in defined theft situations and a licensee or

185
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registrant under Georgia's private detective and security law when needed in

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the lawful performance of that business Those categories are not

187
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interchangeable Georgia does not require Board registration of unarmed guards

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so employment by a licensed company alone should not be treated as proof that

189
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every guard personally meets the licensee or registrant category Verify your

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own legal status assignment and applicable authority before acting Any

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detention requires a lawful basis supported by the facts and must comply with

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company policy and training.

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A hunch, disrespect, or refusal to answer a voluntary question is not

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automatic authority to detain.

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The statute requires release or contact with the appropriate law enforcement

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agency within a reasonable time.

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A person not released must be surrendered to law enforcement,

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together with any belongings removed.

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It does not give officers a fixed one-hour holding allowance.

200
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A lawful detention does not automatically authorize a search or compel someone

201
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to surrender identification.

202
00:12:59,984 --> 00:13:01,764
Do not use detention to punish,

203
00:13:02,024 --> 00:13:04,524
force a confession, settle a civil dispute,

204
00:13:04,704 --> 00:13:05,784
or demand payment.

205
00:13:06,004 --> 00:13:08,284
Document the legal and factual basis,

206
00:13:08,584 --> 00:13:13,024
start time, actions, police contact, and release or handover.

207
00:13:13,804 --> 00:13:16,064
If you cannot identify lawful authority,

208
00:13:16,684 --> 00:13:19,204
obtain police assistance rather than inventing it.

209
00:13:19,424 --> 00:13:22,404
The first step in our continuum is professional presence.

210
00:13:23,364 --> 00:13:26,244
Wear the uniform correctly and maintain a calm,

211
00:13:26,464 --> 00:13:29,244
alert, professional demeanor at all times.

212
00:13:29,504 --> 00:13:34,114
That establishes your visible role; it does not create additional legal

213
00:13:34,124 --> 00:13:34,784
powers.

214
00:13:35,344 --> 00:13:39,064
Consider a frustrated visitor whose appointment is unconfirmed.

215
00:13:39,164 --> 00:13:41,784
Keep a safe distance, introduce yourself,

216
00:13:42,084 --> 00:13:44,864
listen, and explain the access requirement.

217
00:13:45,844 --> 00:13:47,464
Offer to contact the host.

218
00:13:47,824 --> 00:13:51,324
A clear path forward may resolve the problem without force.

219
00:13:51,664 --> 00:13:54,724
Use observable behavior, not race, age,

220
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clothing, disability, or an angry tone alone,

221
00:13:58,364 --> 00:13:59,384
to assess risk.

222
00:13:59,677 --> 00:14:01,757
If threats or immediate danger develop,

223
00:14:02,177 --> 00:14:06,077
reassess, create distance when safe, request help,

224
00:14:06,397 --> 00:14:08,337
and call nine-one-one when needed.

225
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A continuum is a decision aid,

226
00:14:11,417 --> 00:14:15,566
not a requirement to climb every step or permission to escalate because

227
00:14:15,576 --> 00:14:16,957
someone is uncooperative.

228
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Use only a response lawful and necessary for the actual circumstances and

229
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within your training and company policy.

230
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Reduce or stop force when its justification ends.

231
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Never use force as retaliation or punishment.

232
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Georgia’s detention statute permits only reasonable force to the extent

233
00:14:36,797 --> 00:14:40,377
reasonably believed necessary for a lawful detention,

234
00:14:40,637 --> 00:14:42,237
subject to its restrictions.

235
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Force intended or likely to cause death or great bodily harm cannot be used

236
00:14:46,817 --> 00:14:51,067
merely to detain someone; the statute preserves specified defensive

237
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exceptions.

238
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Self-defense and defense of others have separate requirements,

239
00:14:56,517 --> 00:14:59,197
including an imminent unlawful-force threat.

240
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Deadly force requires the applicable statutory justification,

241
00:15:03,357 --> 00:15:06,597
such as reasonably believing it necessary to prevent death,

242
00:15:07,037 --> 00:15:10,077
great bodily injury, or a forcible felony,

243
00:15:10,557 --> 00:15:12,677
and is subject to legal exclusions.

244
00:15:12,977 --> 00:15:16,837
A badge, ordinary shoplifting, a simple trespass,

245
00:15:17,137 --> 00:15:20,797
or an insult alone does not authorize deadly force.

246
00:15:21,557 --> 00:15:25,297
Property-protection rules also have conditions and limits.

247
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Do not use deadly force simply to protect replaceable property.

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00:15:29,777 --> 00:15:33,267
This lesson does not teach physical techniques or replace qualified

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00:15:33,277 --> 00:15:33,997
instruction.

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After an intervention, request appropriate medical assistance,

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report and document the incident, preserve evidence,

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and cooperate with the proper investigation.

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Your words, tone, and timing can prevent a manageable problem from becoming a

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confrontation.

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Begin with professional presence and a calm,

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respectful approach when conditions allow.

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Identify yourself, explain the relevant requirement,

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and ask a clear question or make a simple request.

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For example: Good evening.

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This entrance is restricted.

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May I help you find the visitor entrance?

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If a lawful direction is needed,

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become clear and firm without becoming insulting:

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This area is closed to visitors.

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Please return to the lobby.

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Give one understandable instruction at a time.

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Offer a lawful option, allow reasonable time to understand and comply when

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safe, and listen for confusion, a language barrier,

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hearing difficulty, or another need for assistance.

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When behavior creates greater risk, use a stronger,

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concise command tied to the actual safety concern: Stop.

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Keep the doorway clear. If there is immediate danger, use a direct warning such as: Stop.

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Danger ahead.

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Move back.

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Project enough volume to be heard; do not shout simply to dominate.

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Avoid profanity, sarcasm, humiliation,

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threats you cannot lawfully carry out,

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and several officers giving conflicting commands.

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Soft-to-firm-to-urgent is a communication framework, not a requirement to use

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every level in sequence.

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Immediate danger may require an immediate safety warning.

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When tension decreases, lower the intensity.

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A person’s failure to follow a command does not,

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by itself, authorize detention or force.

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Keep directions within your authority, request help when needed,

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and document significant commands and responses.

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We cannot stop every crime or every policy violation Our job is to make

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reasonable efforts to prevent them and to respond to and manage incidents

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properly protect people remain within our authority follow protocols and post

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orders respect the chain of command and document the facts Knight Shield Risk

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Management Incorporated A Noble Duty Since nineteen ninety six Visit

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KnightShieldRiskManagement com